See падина on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*padina"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *padina",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "пад",
"3": "-ина",
"t1": "fall"
},
"expansion": "пад (pad, “fall”) + -ина (-ina)",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *padina, formed from па́дам (pádam, “to fall”) or пад (pad, “fall”) + -ина (-ina).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "падина́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "padiná",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
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"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "падина́",
"roman": "padiná",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падини́",
"roman": "padiní",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "падина́та",
"roman": "padináta",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падини́те",
"roman": "padiníte",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "падина́",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "падина́ • (padiná) f",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "падина́<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "fall, disgrace",
"roman": "padénie",
"word": "паде́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"english": "west, direction of falling",
"roman": "západ",
"sense": "пад (pad, “drop”)",
"word": "за́пад"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"english": "attack, assault",
"roman": "nápad",
"sense": "пад (pad, “drop”)",
"word": "на́пад"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"english": "drop",
"roman": "spád",
"sense": "пад (pad, “drop”)",
"word": "спа́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0 0",
"english": "decay, disintegration",
"roman": "razpád",
"sense": "пад (pad, “drop”)",
"word": "разпа́д"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 33 5 39",
"english": "seizure, fainting",
"roman": "pripádǎk",
"sense": "падък (padǎk) (obsolete)",
"word": "припа́дък"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 33 5 39",
"english": "downgrade, collapse",
"roman": "propádǎk",
"sense": "падък (padǎk) (obsolete)",
"word": "пропа́дък"
},
{
"_dis1": "22 33 5 39",
"english": "decline, degradation",
"roman": "upádǎk",
"sense": "падък (padǎk) (obsolete)",
"word": "упа́дък"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "39 28 6 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian terms suffixed with -ина",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"downfall, descent"
],
"id": "en-падина-bg-noun-3SW0LXlG",
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[
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"downfall"
],
[
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"descent"
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],
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"(literary) downfall, descent"
],
"tags": [
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]
},
{
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{
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"name": "Geology",
"orig": "bg:Geology",
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],
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},
{
"_dis": "29 47 7 17",
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"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 49 8 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 58 6 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 52 23 14",
"kind": "place",
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],
"glosses": [
"depression (area below the sea level)"
],
"id": "en-падина-bg-noun-PhR-Wg7T",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) depression (area below the sea level)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "депре́сия"
},
{
"word": "вдлъбнатина́"
}
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"dale, vale, lowland"
],
"id": "en-падина-bg-noun-ML--why0",
"links": [
[
"dale",
"dale"
],
[
"vale",
"vale"
],
[
"lowland",
"lowland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) dale, vale, lowland"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "дол"
},
{
"word": "долчи́на"
},
{
"word": "низина́"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "ocean trench",
"roman": "okeánska padiná",
"text": "океа́нска падина́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trench"
],
"id": "en-падина-bg-noun-ppoT4GRe",
"links": [
[
"trench",
"trench"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(oceanology) trench"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "15 22 21 42",
"english": "nuisance, scourge",
"roman": "nápast",
"sense": "паст (past, “gorge, maw”)",
"word": "на́паст"
},
{
"_dis1": "15 22 21 42",
"english": "chasm, precipice",
"roman": "própast",
"sense": "паст (past, “gorge, maw”)",
"word": "про́паст"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐdiˈna]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-na"
}
],
"word": "падина"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "padina",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "падинка",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "падина",
"roman": "padina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падини",
"roman": "padini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "падината",
"roman": "padinata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "падините",
"roman": "padinite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "падинава",
"roman": "padinava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падиниве",
"roman": "padinive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "падинана",
"roman": "padinana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падинине",
"roman": "padinine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "падино",
"roman": "padino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "падини",
"roman": "padini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"dim": "падинка"
},
"expansion": "падина • (padina) f (diminutive падинка)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "падин"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-f"
},
{
"args": {
"col_pl": "",
"col_pl2": "",
"col_sg": "падинје",
"col_sg2": "",
"def_dist_pl": "падинине",
"def_dist_sg": "падинана",
"def_prox_pl": "падиниве",
"def_prox_sg": "падинава",
"def_unsp_pl": "падините",
"def_unsp_sg": "падината",
"ind_pl": "падини",
"ind_sg": "падина",
"n": "",
"voc_pl": "падини",
"voc_sg": "падино"
},
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],
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"lang_code": "mk",
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{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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},
{
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"orig": "mk:Geography",
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"Fundamental"
],
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}
],
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],
"id": "en-падина-mk-noun-VA0~N-qb",
"links": [
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],
[
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[
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]
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],
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"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "[ˈpadina]"
}
],
"word": "падина"
}
{
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"Bulgarian feminine nouns",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
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"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms suffixed with -ина",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Rhymes:Bulgarian/na/3 syllables",
"bg:Landforms"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*padina"
},
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},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Slavic *padina, formed from па́дам (pádam, “to fall”) or пад (pad, “fall”) + -ина (-ina).",
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{
"form": "падина́",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
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"romanization"
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},
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},
{
"form": "падина́",
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},
{
"form": "падини́",
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]
},
{
"form": "падина́та",
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"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падини́те",
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"args": {
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"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "падина́ • (padiná) f",
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{
"args": {
"1": "падина́<>"
},
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],
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"lang_code": "bg",
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{
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"roman": "padénie",
"word": "паде́ние"
},
{
"english": "west, direction of falling",
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"word": "за́пад"
},
{
"english": "attack, assault",
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"word": "на́пад"
},
{
"english": "drop",
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"word": "спа́д"
},
{
"english": "decay, disintegration",
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"word": "разпа́д"
},
{
"english": "seizure, fainting",
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"word": "припа́дък"
},
{
"english": "downgrade, collapse",
"roman": "propádǎk",
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"word": "пропа́дък"
},
{
"english": "decline, degradation",
"roman": "upádǎk",
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},
{
"english": "nuisance, scourge",
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"sense": "паст (past, “gorge, maw”)",
"word": "на́паст"
},
{
"english": "chasm, precipice",
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"sense": "паст (past, “gorge, maw”)",
"word": "про́паст"
}
],
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{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian literary terms"
],
"glosses": [
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],
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],
[
"descent",
"descent"
]
],
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"(literary) downfall, descent"
],
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]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
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],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"depression",
"depression"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) depression (area below the sea level)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "депре́сия"
},
{
"word": "вдлъбнатина́"
}
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
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],
"glosses": [
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],
"links": [
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"dale",
"dale"
],
[
"vale",
"vale"
],
[
"lowland",
"lowland"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
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],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "дол"
},
{
"word": "долчи́на"
},
{
"word": "низина́"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "ocean trench",
"roman": "okeánska padiná",
"text": "океа́нска падина́",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"trench"
],
"links": [
[
"trench",
"trench"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(oceanology) trench"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[pɐdiˈna]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-na"
}
],
"word": "падина"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "padina",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "падинка",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
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]
},
{
"form": "падина",
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"tags": [
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"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падини",
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"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "падината",
"roman": "padinata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "падините",
"roman": "padinite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "падинава",
"roman": "padinava",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падиниве",
"roman": "padinive",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "падинана",
"roman": "padinana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "падинине",
"roman": "padinine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "падино",
"roman": "padino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "падини",
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"tags": [
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"vocative"
]
}
],
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{
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"dim": "падинка"
},
"expansion": "падина • (padina) f (diminutive падинка)",
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}
],
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},
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{
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"col_pl2": "",
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"col_sg2": "",
"def_dist_pl": "падинине",
"def_dist_sg": "падинана",
"def_prox_pl": "падиниве",
"def_prox_sg": "падинава",
"def_unsp_pl": "падините",
"def_unsp_sg": "падината",
"ind_pl": "падини",
"ind_sg": "падина",
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},
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],
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{
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"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
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"Macedonian proparoxytone terms",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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],
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],
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"geography"
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]
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],
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"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"ipa": "[ˈpadina]"
}
],
"word": "падина"
}
Download raw JSONL data for падина meaning in All languages combined (6.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: oceanology",
"path": [
"падина"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "падина",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: oceanology",
"path": [
"падина"
],
"section": "Bulgarian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "падина",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.